. The first prisoners arrived in the camp on September 2nd. [1] Another method of execution practiced in Stutthof was lethal injection of phenol. From left to right: Jenny-Wanda Barkmann, Ewa Paradies, Elisabeth Becker, Wanda Klaff, and Gerda Steinhoff. Other witnesses said she beat women to death with wooden sticks and shot at women who were too slow when carrying heavy containers of food. The former secretary, who lives in a care home and is unnamed, had worked at the Stutthof camp near Danzig, in Nazi-occupied Poland. All were found guilty and eleven were sentenced to death, including the Commandant Johann Pauls. The first Nazi war criminal to be extradited from the US, in 1973, Hermine Braunstein was known as the Kobyla - meaning stomping mare - because of her tendency to kick women to death with her steel-capped boots. Not to be confused with, Location of the former Stutthof concentration camp in Poland, The execution of the SS overseers of the Stutthof concentration camp: Becker, Klaff, Steinhoff, and Pauls on 4 July 1946, with priest, Camps, ghettos, execution sites and attacks, Perpetrators, participants, organizations, and collaborators, Resistance, victims, documentation and technical, M. Tomkiewicz, P. Semkw: Profesor Rudolf Maria Spanner naukowiec czy eksperymentator? But the few that took pleasure from the horrors within the walls of the camps proved the female of the species really can be deadlier than the male. Nazi concentration camp in present-day Sztutowo, Poland, "Stutthof" redirects here. She was also notorious for beating inmates unconscious, often with a rubber truncheon, and she once pushed an old lady down a flight of stairs, killing her instantly. Ten were sentenced to death. Nazi camp survivor recalls horrors in trial of SS guard [15], In 2021, Irmgard Furchner a German former concentration camp secretary and stenographer at Stutthof, where she worked for camp commandant Paul-Werner Hoppe,[16] was charged with 11,412 counts of accessory to murder and 18 additional counts of accessory to attempted murder,[17][18][19] On December 20, 2022 she was found guilty and sentenced to a suspended jail term of two years. He was executed by long-drop hanging by Albert Pierrepoint in Hamelin Prison on October 8, 1946. Selection of monographs in PDF, Memorial to the Victims of the Stutthof Concentration Camp, Monografia KL Stutthof (KL Stutthof monograph), Zbrodnie hitlerowskie w obozie koncentracyjnym Stutthof: liczba ofiar w wietle rde i bada: prba bilansu, SS Main Economic and Administrative Office, International Youth Meeting Center in Owicim/Auschwitz, Rescue of Jews by Poles during the Holocaust, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stutthof_concentration_camp&oldid=1141333869, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2018, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2018, Articles needing additional references from December 2020, All articles needing additional references, Articles with Polish-language sources (pl), Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Matzkau in Makowy (now within city limits of Gdask), This page was last edited on 24 February 2023, at 14:55. Stutthof Concentration Camp http://www.HolocaustResearchProject.org The trial is set to begin in October. Do you know this baby? Your email address will not be published. Shortly before the German surrender, some prisoners were transferred to Malmo, Sweden, and released to the care of that neutral country. Numbers []. In 1949, SS-Hauptsturmfhrer Hans Jacobi, the commandant of Stutthof subcamps forming Baukommando Weichsel or OT Thorn (Organisation Todt Thorn) for women digging anti-tank ditches,[6] was tried before the criminal court in Toru and sentenced to three years in prison. 2020 THE SUN, US, INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED | TERMS OF USE | PRIVACY | YOUR AD CHOICES | SITEMAP, Isle Koch in an internment centre after her arrest, Women prisoners are put to work at Ravensbruck concentration camp, A roll call at Buchenwald camp, where Ilse Koch chose her victims, Ilse Koch at her trial in Germany in 1950, 'Tattooed human skin' found at the house of Ilse Koch after her arrest, Tattooed swatches are shown at the trial of Ilse Koch, Irma Grese beat women to death in the concentration camps, A boy walks down a road lined with dead prisoners from the Belsen camp, after its liberation in 1945, Elizabeth Volkenrath selected victims for the gas chamber, Hermine Braunstein was known as the "stomping mare", Hertha Bothe was known as the Sadist of Stutthof, Maria Mandl stripped and beat women "mercilessly", Female Nazi guards tortured and killed thousands, beat naked women to death & made lampshades from human skin, Prince Charles and Camilla BOTH receive their first dose of Covid vaccine, Moment pregnant newlywed, 18, and husband, 19, veer on wrong side of road in 89mph police chase before dying in crash. When the final evacuation began, there were nearly 50,000 prisoners, the majority of them Jews, in the Stutthof camp system. Former Nazi SS camp guard found guilty by German court - NBC News [7][8] Finally, in January 1942, Stutthof became a regular concentration camp. Often low paid workers who took the roles to earn more cash, they were trained at the all-women Ravensbruck camp, in Northern Germany, where they became hardened to the cruel torture of inmates and learned to administer punishments with boots, truncheons, whips and riding crops. During the Second World War, there were a huge network of concentration camps established by the Third Reich. A crematorium and gas chamber[9] were added in 1943, just in time to start mass executions when Stutthof was included in the "Final Solution" in June 1944. Stutthof - ID Cards/Oral Histories | Holocaust Encyclopedia Kobyla kicked me, and I still bear the scars. Arraigned 27 ex-officials and guards were judged; 26 were found guilty, and one was acquitted. It was not until 2017 that he returned to Stutthof as part of a visit by the Prince and Princess of Wales and discovered to his surprise that the camp's gas chambers were still intact. It was not produced on an industrial scale, but still for utilitarian purpose, Soap made from human corpses Danzig Anatomical Institute, debunked rumours of industrial production of human soap in concentration camps, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Female guards in Nazi concentration camps, "History of the concentration camp in Stuttfof", "Stutthof, the first Nazi concentration camp outside Germany", "Mennonites and the Holocaust: From Collaboration to Perpetuation", Datos de 295 Mujeres Pertenecientes a la SS: Christel Bankewitz, Stutthof, "Norske vakter jobbet i Hitlers konsentrasjonsleire", "PHASE II: THE GERMAN OCCUPATION OF ESTONIA IN 19411944", "Klooga Concentration Camp and Holocauts Memorial. She was recorded to have been 6ft 3 and known as the "Sadist of Stutthof" due to her merciless beatings of female prisoners. Female Nazi war criminals - Capital Punishment U.K Even then, she continued kicking me, then walked away and left me there.. After being tracked down by Nazi hunter Simon Weisenthal, in 1973, she was retried and jailed for life by a Dusseldorf court. Herta Bothe was a Nazi concentration camp guard at Ravensbrck-stutthof and Bergen-Belsen. Other inmates labored in local brickyards, in private industrial enterprises, in agriculture, or in the camp's own workshops. Prosecutors say he was a "cog" in Nazi Germany's "murderous machinery." The Stutthof trials were a series of war crime tribunals held in postwar Poland for the prosecution of Stutthof concentration camp staff and officials, responsible for the murder of up to 85,000 prisoners during the occupation of Poland by Nazi Germany in World War II. Arraigned 20 ex-officials and guards were judged; nineteen were found guilty, and one was acquitted. How healthy are India's 1.4 billion people? One prominent inmate and survivor of the Stutthof concentration camp was member of parliament for the Communist Party of Denmark Martin Nielsen, who detailed his deportation to, experience in and ensuing death march from the camp in his book Rapport fra Stutthof ('Report from Stutthof'). Camp's Commandant Johann Pauls - death by hanging 2. Stutthof Concentration Camp, Sztutowo - Tripadvisor HAMBURG, Germany A German court on Thursday found a former Nazi SS camp guard guilty of 5,232 counts of accessory to murder and one case of accessory to attempted murder equal to the number. That same summer, Irmgard Furchner had begun working in the camp commander's headquarters as a shorthand typist. Some prisoners worked in SS-owned businesses such as the German Equipment Works (DAW), located near the camp. 13 Amazing Photos of the Construction of the Empir. Get back into the undergrowth you crawled from, Dave. [4], Stutthof was the first German concentration camp set up outside German borders in World WarII, in operation from 2 September 1939. Erected in 1939, it saw two horrific epidemics of typhus kill thousands of its already dying population in 1942 and 1944. In September 1939, the Germans established the Stutthof camp in a wooded area west of Stutthof (Sztutowo), a town about 22 miles east of Danzig (Gdansk). Established on September 2, 1939, Stutthof was the first concentration camp outside German borders during World War II. The second trial was held from 8 October to 31 October 1947, before a Polish Special Criminal Court. More than 60,000 people died in the camp. Row of Barracks at Stutthof Now 97, she has been found guilty of aiding and abetting the murders of more than 10,500 detainees. Bothe was sentenced to 10 years in prison for war crimes. Rising to the rank of supervisor at 19, she also worked at Auschwitz and Belsen, where she was arrested by British forces in 1945. [2] Pauly was tried by the British for war crimes with thirteen others in the Curio Haus in Hamburg which was located in the British occupied sector of Germany. In 1943, the camp was enlarged and a new camp was constructed alongside the earlier one. from. Stutthof survivor: Entering Nazi camp meant a death sentence Twelve were sentenced to death, including the commander of the guards Johann Pauls, while the remainder were sentenced to various terms of imprisonment. This days condemned camp commandant Johann Pauls, five male kapos, and five female guards were the product of the first of four Stutthof trials held in 1946-1947. Nevertheless, Pauly was executed in 1946. It was in 1943 that Stutthof's population of detainees was dramatically enlarged, from a capacity of 4,000 to 25,000. Inside of the barbed wire fences, horror and brutality was administered by the SS. Required fields are marked *. It is estimated that around 65,000 people were murdered during the Holocaust in the Stutthof concentration camp, near the Polish city now called Gdansk. per group (up to 3) Private Shore Excursion: Tour of Gdansk and visit Stutthof Concentration Camp. Standing at 6ft 3in, Hertha Botte was an imposing figure, who also stood out from other SS guards because she wore civilian clothing instead of the hated uniform. [3], A range of German organisations and individuals used Stutthof prisoners as forced laborers. [citation needed], Conditions in the camp were extremely harsh;[16] tens of thousands of prisoners succumbed to starvation and disease. In late April 1945, the remaining prisoners were removed from Stutthof by sea, since Stutthof was completely encircled by Soviet forces. Shortly before the German surrender, some prisoners were transferred to Malm, Sweden, and released into the care of that neutral country. Even before the war began, the German Selbstschutz in Pomerania created lists of people to be arrested,[3] and the Nazi authorities were secretly reviewing suitable places to set up concentration camps in their area. Frankly, a nice sight. In December, a 97-year-old former Nazi camp secretary was found guilty of being complicit in the murder of over 10,000 people at the Stutthof concentration camp that was located in occupied Poland. Visiting Stutthof Death Camp from Gdask - In Your Pocket It was also surrounded by electrified barbed-wire fence and contained thirty new barracks, raising the total area to 1.2 square kilometres (0.46sqmi). She was 36. More than 6,000 camp guards and personnel were trained there before being sent out to work at other camps. Former farmworker Irma Grese had wanted to become a nurse but, at 17, the labour exchange sent her to work at Ravensbrck concentration camp - which held 132,000 women throughout the war. During the Holocaust, the Aufseherinnen were the female guards in the concentration camps. Holocaust survivor Abraham Koryski gave evidence in court on Monday, detailing the horrors he and other inmates endured at the Stutthoff concentration camp in the final years of World War II. Countless prisoners who were left too weak to work were simply murdered. 1939: 250 Polish citizens and P.O.W. During the Second World War, there were a huge network of concentration camps established by the Third Reich. At a hill in Gdansk known as Biskupia Gorka (Bishop Hill), upon a specially-erected row of four T-shaped double gallows centered around a pi-shaped triple gallows, and before a crowd of thousands, the doomed eleven were noosed on the back of military trucks which then drove away to leave them strangling to death with a short drop hanging. She then ordered her dog, known as the big, bad, wolfhound to attack the sick girl, who was sitting on the ground, She later died from the bites. Here we look at the horrendous role these guards - known as Aufseherins, or female overseers - played during the War. You excuses for human beings are no better than you accuse the National Socialists of being. Tens of thousands of people, perhaps as many as 100,000, were deported to the Stutthof camp. She called. One camp which was established in Poland was Stutthof Concentration Camp, and throughout its time in operation around 65,000 people died at the camp. Dachau KZ: STUTTHOF CONCENTRATION CAMP PART 9/10 - Blogger They were publicly hanged before a large crowd, estimated at several thousand, at 5.00 p.m. on July 4th, 1946 at Biskupia Gorka hill near Danzig. . But the Buchenwald Memorial Foundation says two credible witnesses, Austrian prisoner Dr. Gustav Wegerer, who ran the infirmary, and Josef Ackermann, a political prisoner and secretary of the camp doctor, confirmed the existence of the lamp. wikipedia.en/Identification_of_inmates_in_German_concentration_camps.md Execution of concentration camp guards at Biskupia Gorka - Wikimedia Found guilty of war crimes and sentenced to death. [33][34] He was charged as a juvenile, as he was under 21 at the time of the offense. Those whom the SS guards judged too weak or sick to work were gassed in the camp's small gas chamber. [10], In November 2018, Johann Rehbogen from Borken was tried in court for serving at Stutthof camp from June 1942 to September 1944. On this date in 1946, officials of Soviet-occupied Poland publicly hanged eleven convicted war criminals of the Stutthof concentration camp. Several lesser known trials followed against the staff of various concentration camps. She committed suicide in 1967. Hitler's Enablers - Part Two - The Camps - Stew Ross Discovers Ilse also had a deadly fascination for tattoos and, at a later trial for war crimes, witnesses said she selected men with the best body art for slaughter - turning their skin into lampshades and book covers. Edited by G. ukomski, G. Kucharski. A judicial officer looks at his watch prior to a trial against a 96-year-old former secretary for the SS commander of the Stutthof concentration camp at the court room in Itzehoe, Germany on . 1570: Aonio Paleario, Italian religious reformer 1947: Ding Mocun, not as hot a lay in real life. Follow me on Twitter: https://twitter.com/theuntoldpastFollow me on Instagram: www.instagram.com/theuntoldpastDisclaimer: All opinions and comment stated below in the Comments section do not represent the opinion of TheUntoldPast. It has been estimated that over 25,000 prisoners, one in two, died during the evacuation from Stutthof and its subcamps. The perpetrators used these locations for a range of purposes, including forced labor, detention of people deemed to be "enemies of the state," and mass murder. A 95-year-old woman who worked for the commandant of a Nazi concentration camp has been charged in north Germany with aiding . Many drowned along the way. Harry S: 96-year-old accused of being Nazi concentration camp guard (08.08.2019), One of the last trials against an ex-concentration camp guard began Thursday in Hamburg. National Socialism was RIGHT and we will return and we will remember things like this, so lowlife like you had better beware. [7][18], There was a controversy regarding whether corpses from Stutthof were used in the production of soap made from human corpses at the lab of Professor Rudolf Spanner. 95-Year-Old Nazi Secretary Charged As Accessory In 10,000 Murders Some 65,000 of them died as victims of the Nazis, by starvation, typhoid, lethal injection or gas. Procesy", "KARA MIERCI W GDASKU 19451987 Encyklopedia Gdaska". Prisoners sent straight to gas chambers didn't receive anything. It was claimed that she beat women inmates to death and whipped others to within an inch of their lives using a plaited cellophane whip, a belt and a walking stick. Contribute to chinapedia/wikipedia.en development by creating an account on GitHub. Stutthof concentration camp 11 german Nazi SS guards - YouTube Former SS guard stands trial on murder accessory charges, Germany: 92-year-old former SS guard to face trial, Former Nazi concentration camp guard on trial in Hamburg, UN states finally strike deal to protect high seas. There were 3,000 guards at Stutthof concentration camp alone, and only 50 were convicted. Yolanda Saldvar, The Obsessed Fan Who Murdered Se, 5 Of The Most Infamous Cults in US History, History and Culture of the Blackfeet Nation, Did Pharaoh Akhenaten lay the foundation for Abrah. [35][36], Another Nazi camp guard, Bruno Dey, from Hamburg was charged in October 2019 of contributing to the killings of 5,230 prisoners at Stutthof camp between 1944 and 1945. More than 85,000 victims died in the camp out of as many as 110,000 inmates deported there. German abortion clinics targeted by US-style protests, Belgian court paves way for Iran prisoner swap treaty, Palestinians in occupied West Bank live with uncertainty, Thousands of migrants have died in South Texas, Nazi guard testifies about Stutthof concentration camp, Poland moves to make it illegal to say 'Polish death camps', Germany's Nazi past still haunts the country today. Stutthof had a large number of sub camps, and prisoners were forced to work incredibly hard some even made aircraft parts for German planes. Ex-Nazi camp guard, dies, case against him ends - DW - 02/28/2023 In 1943, the camp was enlarged and a new camp was constructed alongside the earlier one. The major subcamps were Thorn and Elbing.